Even Moland

• Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus; Knutsen, Halvor; Filbee-Dexter, Karen; Sodeland, Marte; Jorde, Per Erik & Wernberg, Thomas [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). The International Union for Conservation of Nature Red List does not account for intraspecific diversity. ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsae039.
• Letessier, Tom B.; Mouillot, David; Mannocci, Laura; Christ, Hanna Jabour; Elamin, Elamin Mohammed & Elamin, Sheikheldin Mohamed [Show all 18 contributors for this article] (2024). Divergent responses of pelagic and benthic fish body-size structure to remoteness and protection from humans. Science. ISSN 0036-8075. 383(6686), p. 976–982. doi: 10.1126/science.adi7562.
• van Meurs, Elsa; Moland, Even; Bjørge, Arne Jostein & Freitas, Carla (2024). Haulout Patterns of Harbour Seal Colonies in the Norwegian Skagerrak, as Monitored through Time-Lapse Camera Surveys. Diversity. ISSN 1424-2818. 16(1), p. 1–15. doi: 10.3390/d16010038.
• Synnes, Ann-Elin; Olsen, Esben Moland; Jorde, Per Erik; Knutsen, Halvor & Moland, Even (2023). Contrasting management regimes indicative of mesopredator release in temperate coastal fish assemblages. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 13(12). doi: 10.1002/ece3.10745. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The absence of functional top predators has been proposed as a mechanism acting to shape fish assemblages in temperate marine ecosystems, with cascading effects on lower trophic levels. We explore this scenario by comparing the trophic and functional status of fish assemblages in Norwegian marine national parks, open to fishing, to a nearby coastal seascape that harbors a system of marine protected areas (MPAs) including a no-take zone. Demersal fish assemblages were sampled using fyke nets over three consecutive seasons. Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) is potentially a dominant top predator in this ecosystem, and historically, this and other gadids have been targeted by the full range of former and present fisheries. In the present study, we find that average body size of the Atlantic cod was significantly larger in the zoned seascape compared to the unprotected areas (mean ± SD: 36.6 cm ± 14.38 vs. 23.4 ± 7.50; p < .001) and that the unprotected seascape was characterized by a higher abundance of mesopredator fish species. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that the protection of top predators within MPAs aids to control the mesopredator populations and provides empirical support to the notion that the present state of many coastal fish assemblages is driven by mesopredator release linked to functional depletion of large top predators.

• Durif, Caroline; Arts, M.; Bertolini, F.; Cresci, Alessandro; Daverat, F. & Karlsbakk, Egil Erlingsson [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2023). The evolving story of catadromy in the European eel (Anguilla anguilla). ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. 80(9), p. 2253–2265. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsad149. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Anguillid eels were once considered to be the classic example of catadromy. However, alternative life cycles have been reported, including skipping the freshwater phase and habitat shifting between fresh, brackish, and saltwater throughout the growth phase. There is a lack of knowledge regarding these alternate life strategies, for example, the proportion of individuals in the population that adopt them compared to classic catadromy. We provide a description of these alternate life cycle strategies in temperate anguillids, their possible drivers, and the methods available to investigate them. These methods (lethal and non-lethal), include otolith microchemistry, fatty acid and stable isotope analyses, parasite identification, blood transcriptomics, and electronic tags. We argue that since the current management framework for the European eel and other temperate eels is based mainly on the freshwater component of the population, it ignores eels growing in saline waters. Many of the factors that are thought to be responsible for the precipitous decline of the eel population are more prevalent in freshwater systems. Therefore, the contribution of saline eels may be more important than currently estimated. The habitat-shifting ability of eels may be all the more crucial for the persistence and recovery of those species that are endangered.

• Monk, Christopher; Power, Michael; Freitas, Carla; Harrison, Philip M.; Heupel, Michelle & Kuparinen, Anna [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2023). Atlantic cod individual spatial behaviour and stable isotope associations in a no-take marine reserve. Journal of Animal Ecology. ISSN 0021-8790. 92(12), p. 2333–2347. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.14014. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Foraging is a behavioural process and, therefore, individual behaviour and diet are theorized to covary. However, few comparisons of individual behaviour type and diet exist in the wild. We tested whether behaviour type and diet covary in a protected population of Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Working in a no-take marine reserve, we could collect data on natural behavioural variation and diet choice with minimal anthropogenic disturbance. We inferred behaviour using acoustic telemetry and diet from stable isotope compositions (expressed as δ13C and δ15N values). We further investigated whether behaviour and diet could have survival costs. We found cod with shorter diel vertical migration distances fed at higher trophic levels. Cod δ13C and δ15N values scaled positively with body size. Neither behaviour nor diet predicted survival, indicating phenotypic diversity is maintained without survival costs for cod in a protected ecosystem. The links between diet and diel vertical migration highlight that future work is needed to understand whether the shifts in this behaviour during environmental change (e.g. fishing or climate), could lead to trophic cascades.

• Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Karlsen, Ørjan; Langangen, Øystein Ole Gahr; Meier, Sonnich; Dunlop, Katherine Mary & van der Meeren, Terje [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2022). Attraction of cod Gadus morhua from coastal spawning grounds to salmon farms. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. ISSN 1869-215X. 14, p. 229–242. doi: 10.3354/aei00440. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Wild fish aggregate at aquaculture net-pens, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. This study examined how salmon farms attract coastal Atlantic cod Gadus morhua from their inshore spawning grounds. Acoustic receivers were deployed at 5 known cod spawning grounds and 6 salmon Salmo salar farms located at varying distances from these grounds in a mid-Norway study site. Cod were caught at each spawning ground annually from 2017-2019, fitted with acoustic transmitters and released (n = 535). A total of 289 tagged cod (54%) were detected at the salmon farms, with more cod detected at farms closest to the focal spawning grounds and at operational farms. The latter result is likely linked to the availability of feeding opportunities at farm locations. Those cod that were detected by the receivers spent less time at farms farther from their release locations. For the farm-associated cod, 70% were detected for <1 wk at the farms. However, 48 cod spent >1 mo close to the farms, with 1 individual staying 720 d underneath the farm. A total of 135 cod visited 2 or more farms, with farms in proximity more connected in terms of inter-farm movement. Some of the cod utilizing these local spawning grounds likely have considerable dietary input from salmon feed.

• Villegas-Ríos, David; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2022). Eco-evolutionary dynamics of Atlantic cod spatial behavior maintained after the implementation of a marine reserve. Evolutionary Applications. ISSN 1752-4571. doi: 10.1111/eva.13483. Full text in Research Archive
• Rohtla, Mehis; Moland, Even; Skiftesvik, Anne Berit; Thorstad, Eva Bonsak; Bosgraaf, Sebastian & Olsen, Esben Moland [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Overwintering behaviour of yellow-stage European eel (Anguilla anguilla) in a natural marine fjord system. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. ISSN 0272-7714. 276. doi: 10.1016/j.ecss.2022.108016. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Like many animals, northern temperate eel can enter a hibernation-like state and become dormant during the winter. Knowledge of overwintering behaviour in eel is sparse and mainly based on anecdotal observations and a few experimental studies on thermal tolerance. We studied European eel (Anguilla anguilla) overwintering behaviour in a Skagerrak fjord in Southern Norway, during three consecutive years, using an array of acoustic receivers and acoustic tags with depth and temperature sensors. We obtained results from 55 yellow eel, of which 19 were studied for one winter, 35 for two winters and one for three winters. Dormancy was inferred to begin in September for the earliest individuals and lasted until May for the last, with the majority of eel dormant from at least late October–November until mid-April. The timing of dormancy was mainly related to photoperiod and less to temperature. More than 50% of eel became dormant when day length was <9 h and became active when day length was >14 h. Approximately 10% of eel remained active during the winter and 31% of eel changed their pattern between consecutive years. Some dormant individuals exhibited activity periods that interrupted their dormancy. Eel in the outer fjord nearer the open sea became dormant before eel in the inner more freshwater part of the fjord, and were dormant longer. Acoustic telemetry Overwintering North sea Winter ecology Dormancy Photoperiod

• Knutsen, Jan Atle; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Halvor; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2022). Lobster reserves as a management tool in coastal waters: Two decades of experience in Norway. Marine Policy. ISSN 0308-597X. 136. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2021.104908. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  The positive effects of reduced fishing pressure in marine protected areas (MPAs) are now well documented globally. Yet, evidence of MPA benefits from long-term replicated before-after control-impact (BACI) studies and their usefulness in protecting target species are still rare, especially in northern temperate areas. Scientific rigor in the monitoring of MPAs is considered important for obtaining trust and compliance and can increase interest and enthusiasm for the benefits of marine conservation. Off the coast of southern Norway, a MPA imple- mentation process started up in 2002. Based on comprehensive consultations with local fishers and managers, four experimental lobster reserves were appointed in 2004. Two years later (2006), the reserves came into effect as the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries implemented regulations as a by-law of the Saltwater Fisheries Act that effectively banned all fixed gear. Long-term monitoring of the MPAs and adjacent control areas has enabled a rigorous scientific evaluation of the effects of these MPAs on lobster populations, including effects on density, growth, demography, behavior, and phenotypic diversity. As protection effects started to manifest, the lobster reserves attracted high public attention and were soon considered a credible supplement to traditional fisheries management. In the period from 2002 to 2021, more than 50 lobster reserves have been implemented in Norway. Here, we review the experiences since the lobster reserves were designated, implemented, and embraced by local communities in Norway, and over two decades have become an important tool for fishery management. Thoughts on the future of MPAs along the coast of Norway are discussed.

• Moland, Even; Fernández-Chacón, Albert; Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen; Villegas-Rios, David; Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide & Halvorsen, Kim Aleksander Tallaksen [Show all 14 contributors for this article] (2021). Restoration of Abundance and Dynamics of Coastal Fish and Lobster Within Northern Marine Protected Areas Across Two Decades. Frontiers in Marine Science. ISSN 2296-7745. doi: 10.3389/fmars.2021.674756. Full text in Research Archive
• Kjesbu, Olav Sigurd; Sundby, Svein; Sandø, Anne Britt; Alix, Maud; Hjøllo, Solfrid Sætre & Tiedemann, Maik [Show all 43 contributors for this article] (2021). Highly mixed impacts of near-future climate change on stock productivity proxies in the North East Atlantic. Fish and Fisheries. ISSN 1467-2960. 23(3), p. 601–615. doi: 10.1111/faf.12635. Full text in Research Archive
• Synnes, Ann-Elin; Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Knutsen, Halvor; Jorde, Per Erik; Sodeland, Marte & Moland, Even (2021). Local recruitment of Atlantic cod and putative source spawning areas in a coastal seascape. ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. 78(10), p. 3767–3779. doi: 10.1093/icesjms/fsab226. Full text in Research Archive
• Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Karlsen, Ørjan; Langangen, Øystein Ole Gahr; van der Meeren, Terje; Keeley, Nigel B. & Myksvoll, Mari Skuggedal [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Impact of salmon farming on Atlantic cod spatio-temporal reproductive dynamics. Aquaculture Environment Interactions. ISSN 1869-215X. 13, p. 399–412. doi: 10.3354/AEI00415. Full text in Research Archive
• Villegas-Ríos, David; Claudet, Joachim; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even; Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide & Alonso-Fernández, Alexandre [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2021). Time at risk: Individual spatial behaviour drives effectiveness of marine protected areas and fitness. Biological Conservation. ISSN 0006-3207. 263, p. 1–11. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109333. Full text in Research Archive
• Kristensen, Martin Lykke; Olsen, Esben Moland; Moland, Even; Knutsen, Halvor; Grønkjær, Peter & Koed, Anders [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2021). Disparate movement behavior and feeding ecology in sympatric ecotypes of Atlantic cod. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 11(16), p. 11477–11490. doi: 10.1002/ece3.7939. Full text in Research Archive
• Fernández-Chacón, Albert; Buttay, Lucie; Moland, Even; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2021). Demographic responses to protection from harvesting in a long-lived marine species. Biological Conservation. ISSN 0006-3207. 257, p. 1–10. doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109094. Full text in Research Archive
• Olsen, Erik Joel Steinar; Axelsen, Bjørn Erik Eversvik; Moland, Even; Utne-Palm, Anne Christine; Elamin, Elamin Mohammed & Mukhtar, Motassim Ali [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2021). Distribution and diversity of fish species along the Sudanese Red Sea coast based on three combined trap and gillnet surveys. Fisheries Research. ISSN 0165-7836. 242:106032, p. 1–13. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2021.106032. Full text in Research Archive
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Villegas-Ríos, David; Bleeker, Katinka; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2021). Selection on fish personality differs between a no-take marine reserve and fished areas. Evolutionary Applications. ISSN 1752-4571. 14(7), p. 1807–1815. doi: 10.1111/eva.13242. Full text in Research Archive
• Freitas, Carla; Villegas-Ríos, David; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2021). Sea temperature effects on depth use and habitat selection in a marine fish community. Journal of Animal Ecology. ISSN 0021-8790. 90(7), p. 1787–1800. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.13497. Full text in Research Archive
• Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus; Nedreaas, Kjell Harald; Huserbråten, Mats & Moland, Even (2020). Depletion of coastal predatory fish sub-stocks coincided with the largest sea urchin grazing event observed in the NE Atlantic. Ambio. ISSN 0044-7447. 50, p. 163–173. doi: 10.1007/s13280-020-01362-4. Full text in Research Archive
• Villegas-Ríos, David; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even; Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide & Olsen, Esben M. (2020). Inferring individual fate from aquatic acoustic telemetry data. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2041-210X. 11(10), p. 1186–1198. doi: 10.1111/2041-210X.13446. Full text in Research Archive
• Fernández-Chacón, Albert; Villegas-Ríos, David; Moland, Even; Baskett, Marissa L.; Olsen, Esben Moland & Carlson, Stephanie M. (2020). Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity. Ecological Applications. ISSN 1051-0761. 30(5). doi: 10.1002/eap.2108. Full text in Research Archive
• Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen; Halvorsen, Kim Aleksander Tallaksen; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2020). Marine protected areas rescue a sexually selected trait in European lobster. Evolutionary Applications. ISSN 1752-4571. 13(9), p. 2222–2233. doi: 10.1111/eva.12992. Full text in Research Archive
• Kleiven, Alf Ring; Moland, Even & Sumaila, Ussif Rashid (2019). No fear of bankruptcy: the innate self-subsidizing forces in recreational fishing. ICES Journal of Marine Science. ISSN 1054-3139. 77(6), p. 2304–2307. doi: 10.1093/ICESJMS/FSZ128.
• Moland, Even; Carlson, Stephanie; Villegas-Rios, David; Wiig, Jørgen Ree & Olsen, Esben Moland (2019). Harvest selection on multiple traits in the wild revealed by aquatic animal telemetry. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 9, p. 6480–6491. doi: 10.1002/ece3.5224. Full text in Research Archive
• Kleiven, Portia Joy Nillos; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg; Olsen, Esben Moland; Abesamis, Rene A.; Moland, Even & Kleiven, Alf Ring (2019). Fishing pressure impacts the abundance gradient of European lobsters across the borders of a newly established marine protected area. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. ISSN 0962-8452. 286(1894). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2018.2455. Full text in Research Archive
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Heupel, Michelle R.; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2019). Potential of a no‐take marine reserve to protect home ranges of anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta). Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 9(1), p. 417–426. doi: 10.1002/ece3.4760. Full text in Research Archive
• Barth, Julia Maria Isis; Villegas-Ríos, David; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even; Star, Bastiaan & André, Carl [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2019). Disentangling structural genomic and behavioral barriers in a sea of connectivity. Molecular Ecology. ISSN 0962-1083. 28(6), p. 1394–1411. doi: 10.1111/mec.15010. Full text in Research Archive
• Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Moland, Even & Albretsen, Jon (2018). Cod at drift in the North Sea. Progress in Oceanography. ISSN 0079-6611. 167, p. 116–124. doi: 10.1016/j.pocean.2018.07.005. Full text in Research Archive
• Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen; Halvorsen, Kim Aleksander Tallaksen; Harrison, Hugo B.; Ellis, Charlie D.; Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn & Knutsen, Halvor [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2018). Harvesting changes mating behaviour in European lobster. Evolutionary Applications. ISSN 1752-4571. 11(6), p. 963–977. doi: 10.1111/eva.12611. Full text in Research Archive
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Knutsen, Jan Atle; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2018). Replicated marine protected areas (MPAs) support movement of larger, but not more, European lobsters to neighbouring fished areas. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 595, p. 123–133. doi: 10.3354/meps12546. Full text in Research Archive
• Villegas-Rios, David; Réale, Denis; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2018). Personalities influence spatial responses to environmental fluctuations in wild fish. Journal of Animal Ecology. ISSN 0021-8790. 87(5), p. 1309–1319. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12872. Full text in Research Archive
• Dornelas, Maria; Antão, Laura H.; Moyes, Faye; Bates, Amanda E.; Magurran, Anne E. & Adam, Dusan [Show all 270 contributors for this article] (2018). BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene. Global Ecology and Biogeography. ISSN 1466-822X. 27(7), p. 760–786. doi: 10.1111/geb.12729. Full text in Research Archive
• Villegas-Rios, David; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2017). Potential of contemporary evolution to erode fishery benefits from marine reserves. Fish and Fisheries. ISSN 1467-2960. 18(3), p. 571–577. doi: 10.1111/faf.12188.
• Villegas-Rios, David; Réale, Denis; Freitas, Carla; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2017). Individual level consistency and correlations of fish spatial behaviour assessed from aquatic animal telemetry. Animal Behaviour. ISSN 0003-3472. 124, p. 83–94. doi: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.12.002.
• Chacon, Albert Fernandez; Moland, Even; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg; Kleiven, Alf Ring & Olsen, Esben Moland (2016). Causes of mortality in depleted populations of Atlantic cod estimated from multi-event modelling of mark-recapture and recovery data. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. ISSN 0706-652X. 74(1), p. 116–126. doi: 10.1139/cjfas-2015-0313.
• Nash, Kirsty L.; Abesamis, Rene A.; Graham, Nicholas; McClure, Eva C. & Moland, Even (2016). Drivers of herbivory on coral reefs: Species, Habitat and management effects. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 554, p. 129–140. doi: 10.3354/meps11795.
• Kleiven, Alf Ring; Chacon, Albert Fernandez; Nordahl, Jan-Harald; Moland, Even; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & Knutsen, Halvor [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2016). Harvest pressure on coastal atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) from recreational fishing relative to commercial fishing assessed from tag-recovery data. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 11(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149595. Full text in Research Archive
• Freitas, Carla; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Halvor; Albretsen, Jon & Moland, Even (2016). Temperature-associated habitat selection in a cold-water marine fish. Journal of Animal Ecology. ISSN 0021-8790. 85(3), p. 628–637. doi: 10.1111/1365-2656.12458. Full text in Research Archive
• Chacon, Albert Fernandez; Moland, Even; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & Olsen, Esben Moland (2015). Demographic effects of full vs. partial protection from harvesting: Inference from an empirical before-after control-impact study on Atlantic cod. Journal of Applied Ecology. ISSN 0021-8901. 52(5), p. 1206–1215. doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12477.
• Aalvik, Ida Margrethe; Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2015). Spatial ecology of coastal Atlantic cod Gadus morhua associated with parasite load. Journal of Fish Biology. ISSN 0022-1112. 87(2), p. 449–464. doi: 10.1111/jfb.12731. Show summary

  Acoustic tags and receivers were used to investigate the spatial ecology of coastal Atlantic cod Gadus morhua (n = 32, mean fork length: 50 cm, range: 33–80 cm) on the Norwegian Skagerrak coast in 2012. Monthly home ranges (HR), swimming activity and depth use varied considerably among individuals and through the months of June, July and August. HR sizes for the period ranged from 0·25 to 5·20 km2 (mean = 2·30 km2). Two thirds of the tagged G. morhua were infected with black spot disease Cryptocotyle lingua parasites; these fish had larger HRs and occupied deeper water compared with non-infected fish. The infected fish also tended to be more active in terms of horizontal swimming. From an ecological and evolutionary perspective, any environmental change that modifies G. morhua behaviour may therefore also alter the parasite load of the population, and its conservation and fishery status.

• Freitas, Carla; Olsen, Esben Moland; Moland, Even; Ciannelli, Lorenzo & Knutsen, Halvor (2015). Behavioral responses of Atlantic cod to sea temperature changes. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 5(10), p. 2070–2083. doi: 10.1002/ece3.1496. Full text in Research Archive
• Eggers, Florian; Olsen, Esben Moland; Moland, Even & Slotte, Aril (2015). Individual habitat transitions of Atlantic herring Clupea harengus in a human-modified coastal system. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 520, p. 245–256. doi: 10.3354/meps11103. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Pelagic marine fish often display highly dynamic migration patterns. However, such movement behaviour is usually studied at the population or school level, while less is known about individual movement characteristics and habitat transitions. During March 2012 to June 2013, we used acoustic tags and moored receivers to monitor the behaviour of Atlantic herring Clupea harengus L. (N = 47) throughout a range of habitats on the Skagerrak coast in southern Norway. Five of the tagged herring entered a former lake transformed into an artificial estuary by a human-made canal linking the former lake to the open ocean. Herring resided in this system for up to 36 d. All tagged herring left the fjord where they were tagged by early August 2012. This habitat transition was detected by the receivers as 3 main pulses of tagged individuals, which were assumed to be formed by putative populations mixing in the area. Most transitions occurred during nighttime regardless of tidal cycle, and it is suggested that spawning is the primary driver for entering the fjord and artificial estuary. Later detections at a separate receiver system 17 km to the northeast suggest that some herring may overwinter in coastal areas. In the spring of 2013, 3 of the tagged herring returned to their original fjord tagging location. Our study reveals new aspects of herring migration dynamics linked to anthropogenic modifications of connectivity, and suggests that capacity for individual behaviours in schooling fish may be underestimated.

• Eggers, Florian; Slotte, Aril; Libungan, Lisa Anne; Johannessen, Arne; Kvamme, Cecilie & Moland, Even [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2014). Seasonal dynamics of atlantic herring (Clupea harengus L.) populations spawning in the vicinity of marginal habitats. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 9(11). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111985. Full text in Research Archive
• Ferter, Keno; Klaas, Hartmann; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2014). Catch-and-release of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): post-release behaviour of acoustically pretagged fish in a natural marine environment. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. ISSN 0706-652X. 72(2), p. 252–261. doi: 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0290. Full text in Research Archive
• Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Halvor; Garrigou, Pauline; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & Kleiven, Alf Ring [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2013). Lobster and cod benefit from small-scale northern marine protected areas: inference from an empirical before - after control-impact study. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. ISSN 0962-8452. 280(1754). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2012.2679.
• Moland, Even; Ulmestrand, Mats; Olsen, Esben Moland & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2013). Long-term decrease in sex-specific natural mortality of European lobster within a marine protected area. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 491, p. 153–164. doi: 10.3354/meps10459.
• Wiig, Jørgen Ree; Moland, Even; Haugen, Thrond Oddvar & Olsen, Esben Moland (2013). Spatially structured interactions between lobsters and lobster fishers in a coastal habitat: fine-scale behaviour and survival estimated from acoustic telemetry. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. ISSN 0706-652X. 70(10), p. 1468–1476. doi: 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0209.
• Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Moland, Even; Knutsen, Halvor; Olsen, Esben Moland; André, Carl & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2013). Conservation, Spillover and Gene Flow within a Network of Northern European Marine Protected Areas. PLOS ONE. ISSN 1932-6203. 8(9). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0073388. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  To ensure that marine protected areas (MPAs) benefit conservation and fisheries, the effectiveness of MPA designs has to be evaluated in field studies. Using an interdisciplinary approach, we empirically assessed the design of a network of northern MPAs where fishing for European lobster (Homarus gammarus) is prohibited. First, we demonstrate a high level of residency and survival (50%) for almost a year (363 days) within MPAs, despite small MPA sizes (0.5-1 km2). Second, we demonstrate limited export (4.7%) of lobsters tagged within MPAs (N = 1810) to neighbouring fished areas, over a median distance of 1.6 km out to maximum 21 km away from MPA centres. In comparison, median movement distance of lobsters recaptured within MPAs was 164 m, and recapture rate was high (40%). Third, we demonstrate a high level of gene flow within the study region, with an estimated FST of less than 0.0001 over a ≈ 400 km coastline. Thus, the restricted movement of older life stages, combined with a high level of gene flow suggests that connectivity is primarily driven by larval drift. Larval export from the MPAs can most likely affect areas far beyond their borders. Our findings are of high importance for the design of MPA networks for sedentary species with pelagic early life stages.

• Heupel, Michelle R.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Olsen, Esben Moland & Moland, Even (2012). Consistent movement traits indicative of innate behavior in neonate sharks. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology. ISSN 0022-0981. 432-433, p. 131–137. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2012.07.013.
• Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Olsen, Esben Moland; Heupel, Michelle R. & Moland, Even (2012). Three-dimensional kernel utilization distributions improve estimates of space use in aquatic animals. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. ISSN 0706-652X. 69(3), p. 565–572. doi: 10.1139/F2011-179.
• Fenberg, Philip B.; Caselle, Jennifer E.; Claudet, Joachim; Clemence, Michaela; Gaines, Steven D. & Garcia-Charton, Jose Antonio [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2012). The science of European marine reserves: Status, efficacy, and future needs. Marine Policy. ISSN 0308-597X. 36(5), p. 1012–1021. doi: 10.1016/j.marpol.2012.02.021.
• Olsen, Esben Moland; Heupel, Michelle R.; Simpfendorfer, Colin A. & Moland, Even (2012). Harvest selection on Atlantic cod behavioral traits: implications for spatial management. Ecology and Evolution. ISSN 2045-7758. 2(7), p. 1549–1562. doi: 10.1002/ece3.244. Full text in Research Archive
• Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland; Andvord, Kristian F; Knutsen, Jan Atle & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2011). Home range of European lobster (Homarus gammarus) in a marine reserve: implications for future reserve design. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. ISSN 0706-652X. 68(7), p. 1197–1210. doi: 10.1139/F2011-053.
• Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Halvor; Knutsen, Jan Atle; Enersen, Svein Erik & André, Carl [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2011). Activity patterns of wild European lobster Homarus gammarus in coastal marine reserves: implications for future reserve design. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 429, p. 197–207. doi: 10.3354/meps09102.
• Olsen, Esben Moland & Moland, Even (2011). Fitness landscape of Atlantic cod shaped by harvest selection and natural selection. Evolutionary Ecology. ISSN 0269-7653. 25(3), p. 695–710. doi: 10.1007/s10682-010-9427-9.
• Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2010). Maternal influences on offspring size variation and viability in wild European lobster Homarus gammarus. Marine Ecology Progress Series. ISSN 0171-8630. 400, p. 165–173. doi: 10.3354/meps08397.
• Pettersen, Alf Ring; Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland & Knutsen, Jan Atle (2009). Lobster reserves in coastal Skagerrak - an integrated analysis of the implementation process. In Moksness, Erlend; Dahl, Einar & Støttrup, Josianne (Ed.), Integrated Coastal Zone Management. Wiley-Blackwell. ISSN 978-1-4051-3950-2. p. 178–188.
• Moland, Even; Eagle, Janelle V & Jones, Geoffrey Paul (2005). Ecology and evolution of mimicry in coral reef fishes. Oceanography and Marine Biology: An Annual Review. ISSN 0078-3218. 43, p. 455–482.
• Moland, Even & Jones, Geoffrey Paul (2004). Experimental confirmation of aggressive mimicry by a coral reef fish. Oecologia. ISSN 0029-8549. 140, p. 676–683. doi: 10.1007/s00442-004-1637-9.

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• Stenseth, Nils Christian; Jentoft, Sissel; Moland, Even; Knutsen, Halvor; Haugen, Thrond Oddvar & Colman, JE [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2023). Langsiktig forskning og modige tiltak må til om vi skal redde Oslo­fjorden. Debattinnlegg i Khrono, 14.08.2023. khrono.no/langsiktig-forskning-og-modige-tiltak-ma-til-om-vi-skal-redde-oslofjorden/800689. Khrono.no. ISSN 1894-8995.
• Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus; Nedreaas, Kjell Harald; Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen & Moland, Even (2023). Overfishing caused the largest sea urchin grazing event observed in the NE Atlantic.
• Bjørn, Pål Arne; Berg, Erik; Bøhn, Thomas; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg; Glover, Kevin Alan & Jorde, Per Erik [Show all 16 contributors for this article] (2022). Effekter av torskeoppdrett i åpne merder på ville torskebestander, Risikorapport norsk fiskeoppdrett 2022 - kunnskapsstatus - Effekter på miljø og dyrevelferd i norsk fiskeoppdrett. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. p. 314–405.
• Oomen, Rebekah Alice; Knutsen, Halvor; Moland, Even; Olsen, Esben Moland; Knutsen, Jan Atle & Bernatchez, Louis [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2022). Nothing so boundless, nothing so patient: Obituary for Professor Jeffrey Alexander Hutchings (1958–2022). Fish and Fisheries. ISSN 1467-2960. 23(3), p. 519–521. doi: 10.1111/faf.12661.
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Villegas-Rios, David; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2018). Personality of sea trout and consequences for survival quantified using detailed movement data from a telemetry study in a southern Norwegian fjord.
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Simpfendorfer, Colin A.; Heupel, Michelle R.; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2017). A no-take marine reserve provide benefits to anadromous sea trout (Salmo trutta).
• Thorbjørnsen, Susanna Huneide; Moland, Even; Villegas-Rios, David; Knutsen, Halvor & Olsen, Esben Moland (2017). Repeatability of sea trout behavioural traits and potential for detecting behavioural syndromes.
• Skjæraasen, Jon Egil; Karlsen, Ørjan; Olsen, Esben Moland; Moland, Even; Elvik, Kristine Marit Schrøder & van der Meeren, Terje [Show all 7 contributors for this article] (2017). The influence of salmon Salmo salar aquaculture on spawning ground use of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua.
• Tuddenham, David Berg; Moland, Even; Cuhra, Marek; Walday, Mats Gunnar; Hop, Haakon & Herdlevær, Eirik Søyland Laskemoen [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2017). Ny forskrift setter vitenskapelige dykkere på land. Forskning.no. ISSN 1891-635X.
• Moland, Even & Knutsen, Jan Atle (2015). Tilstandsrapport for fiskebestandene i ytre Oslofjord.
• Moland, Even (2015). Små bevaringsområders effekt på fiskebestander: hva viser 10 års forskning?
• Moland, Even & Freitas, Carla (2015). Sulter på dypet i sommervarme fjorder. Forskning.no. ISSN 1891-635X.
• Moland, Even; Chacon, Albert Fernandez; Olsen, Esben Moland & Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg (2015). Marine protected areas increase survival of Atlantic cod. Science for Environment Policy. Full text in Research Archive
• Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2015). Selvfisket torsk - en selvfølge? Agderposten. ISSN 0805-3723.
• Moland, Even (2015). Combining traditional and acoustic tagging in fisheries conservation science.
• Ferter, Keno; Hartmann, Klaas; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2014). Catch-and-release of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua): post-release behaviour of acoustically pre-tagged fish in a natural marine environment.
• van der Meeren, Gro Ingleid; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Agnalt, Ann-Lisbeth; Grefsrud, Ellen Sofie; Moland, Even & Olsen, Espen Moland (2014). Den lange og kronglete historien om hummer i Norge.
• van der Meeren, Gro Ingleid; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Agnalt, Ann-Lisbeth; Grefsrud, Ellen Sofie; Moland, Even & Olsen, Espen Moland (2014). Den lange og kronglete historien om hummer i Norge.
• Kleiven, Alf Ring & Moland, Even (2013). Verdens verste hummerforvaltning? Dagbladet. ISSN 0805-3766.
• Freitas, Carla Marília Abreu; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2013). Behavioural responses of wild Atlantic cod to sea temperature changes.
• Ferter, Keno; Kleiven, Alf Ring; Hartmann, Klaas; Moland, Even & Olsen, Esben Moland (2013). Long-term trauma? Studying the effects of catch-and-release on Atlantic cod behavior using acoustic telemetr.
• Olsen, Esben Moland; Moland, Even & Stenseth, Nils Christian (2011). Det må forskes i Ytre Hvaler nasjonalpark. Forskning.no. ISSN 1891-635X.
• Moland, Even (2010). Hummerekspert fra Uvdal. [Newspaper]. Laagendalsposten.
• Moland, Even; Dahl, Einar; Knutsen, Jan Atle; Misund, Ole Arve & Vøllestad, Leif Asbjørn (2008). Alarmklokkene ringer for ålen. Fiskaren. ISSN 0015-3095. p. 26–26.
• Moland, Even & Pettersen, Alf Ring (2008). Kaptein Nemos dødsrike. Bergens Tidende. ISSN 0804-8983.
• van der Meeren, Terje; Husa, Vivian; Kutti, Tina; Steen, Henning; Svåsand, Terje & Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2024). Høring av planprogram – regional plan for arealforvaltning, Nordland Fylkeskommune. Havforskningsinstituttet.
• Løkkeborg, Svein; Bakkeplass, Kjell Gunnar; Diesing, Markus; Gjøsæter, Harald; Gonzalez-Mirelis, Genoveva & Hvingel, Carsten [Show all 10 contributors for this article] (2023). Effekter av bunntråling - Sammenstilling av kunnskap om bunnpåvirkning fra trål og snurrevad relevant for norske farvann. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive
• Strandli, Bjørn; Moy, Frithjof Emil; Kroglund, Tone; Hestnes, Arne Johan; Endregard, Geir & Walday, Mats Gunnar [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2022). Sluttrapport fra Frisk Oslofjord. Færder nasjonalpark, Ytre Hvaler nasjonalpark.
• Knutsen, Halvor; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & Moland, Even (2022). Evaluering av tiltak for vern av kysttorsk i sør innført juni 2019. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Vi ser i våre data ingen tegn til at bestandssituasjonen for torsk er endret i indre Skagerrak, ytre- og indre Oslofjord siden tiltak ble innført i 2019. Havforskningsinstituttets data viser stabilt lave fangster av torsk i hele tiltaksområdet, selv om årene 2017 og 2019 viste forholdsvis sterke årsklasser. Landingene i yrkesfisket viser en vedvarende nedgang siden 2019. Fravær av torsk på strandnotsstasjoner i Oslofjorden innenfor Drøbak knyttes til flere forhold. Særlig er vegetasjonen på tidligere gode habitater klart dårligere sammenholdt med andre deler av Skagerrakkysten. Økt temperatur i overflaten og tilgroing av habitater med hurtigvoksende trådformede alger («lurv») bidrar trolig til dette. Avrenning, næringsbelastning og formørkning av kystvannet er også påvirkninger som bidrar i negativ retning for torsk og andre bunnfiskbestander.

• Bjørn, Pål Arne; Glover, Kevin Alan; Grefsrud, Ellen Sofie; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg; Karlsbakk, Egil Erlingsson & Karlsen, Ørjan [Show all 12 contributors for this article] (2021). Kunnskapsgrunnlag for mulig påvirkning fra oppdrettstorsk og levendelagret torsk på villtorsk. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Det er igjen økende interesse for torskeoppdrett, denne gang med en domestisert oppdrettstorsk som vil ha egenskaper som skiller seg fra vill torsk. Det er behov for et oppdatert kunnskapsgrunnlag om risiko for påvirkning på viltlevende torsk, spesielt genetiske og økologiske interaksjoner og lokalisering i forhold til gyte- og oppvekstområder. Denne rapporten som er bestilt av Fiskeridirektoratet oppdaterer kunnskapsgrunnlag på området med tilhørende foreløpige anbefalinger.

• Jørgensen, Lis Lindal; Moland, Even; Husa, Vivian; Kutti, Tina; Kleiven, Alf Ring & van der Meeren, Gro Ingleid (2021). Marint vern - Havforskningsinstituttets ekspertvurdering av utfordringer og status for arbeid med marint vern i Norge. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Havforskningsinstituttet har satt sammen en ekspertgruppe for å levere en kort oversikt over instituttets utredninger og overvåking av faktiske og potensielle eksempler på marint vern. I denne rapporten tar vi utgangspunkt i de gjeldende internasjonale målsetninger og avtaler for marint vern, og hvordan Havforskningsinstituttet gir kunnskapsbidrag og faglige råd, for å oppnå tilstrekkelig vern til marine økosystemer – for å sikre en bærekraftig havøkonomi i et langtidsperspektiv. Dette er i tråd med Havforskningsinstituttets samfunnsoppdrag: “... å utvikle det vitenskapelige grunnlaget for bærekraftig forvaltning av ressursene og miljøet i de marine økosystemene”. Temaet marint vern er sentralt også for Høynivåpanelet for en bærekraftig havøkonomi (heretter Havpanelet), der de 14 deltakende landene støtter et globalt mål om å verne og beskytte 30% av havet innen 2030.

• Moland, Even; Synnes, Ann-Elin; Naustvoll, Lars Johan; Freitas, Carla; Norderhaug, Kjell Magnus & Thormar, Jonas [Show all 15 contributors for this article] (2021). Krafttak for kysttorsken - Kunnskap for stedstilpasset gjenoppbygging av bestander, naturtyper og økosystem i Færder- og Ytre Hvaler nasjonalparker. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Ytre Oslofjord har en unik kystnatur av svært stor verdi for både fastboende og tilreisende. Færder- og Ytre Hvaler nasjonalparker ligger side om side ytterst i fjorden, og skal sikre naturverdiene for kommende generasjoner. Nasjonalparkene har utformet egne forvaltningsplaner og -mål, som gjenspeiler et ønske om å legge best mulig til rette for at fiskearter, fugler, planter og insekter skal fortsette å trives innenfor parkenes grenser. Generelle mål for naturverdiene er at de skal opprettholdes med god økologisk funksjon, og et høyt biologisk mangfold.

• Kleiven, Alf Ring; Moland, Even; Sørdalen, Tonje Knutsen; Espeland, Sigurd Heiberg & van der Meeren, Gro Ingleid (2017). Evaluering av effekten av forvaltningstiltak på hummer og forslag til tiltak. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536. Full text in Research Archive
• Aglen, Asgeir; Nedreaas, Kjell Harald; Moland, Even; Knutsen, Halvor; Kleiven, Alf Ring & Johannessen, Tore [Show all 11 contributors for this article] (2016). Oppdatert kunnskapsstatus om kystnær torsk i Sør Norge. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 0071-5638.
• Dahl, Einar; Knutsen, Jan Atle; Albretsen, Jon; Huserbråten, Mats Brockstedt Olsen; Heiberg, Sigurd Espeland & Knutsen, Halvor [Show all 13 contributors for this article] (2015). Marine naturforhold og naturverdier i Færder nasjonalpark. Havforskningsinstituttet. ISSN 1893-4536.

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