John Arngrim Hunnes

• Jaganjac, Berina; Hansen, Kathrine Wallevik; Lunde, Henriette & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2024). The role of organizational culture and structure in implementing sustainability initiatives. Business Ethics, the Environment and Responsibility (BEER). ISSN 2694-6416. doi: 10.1111/beer.12710. Vis sammendrag

  To address the multiple grand challenges facing humanity, there is an urgent need for businesses to become more sustainable. This study explores the implementation of sustainability initiatives through an interview-based single case study of an organization in the food and beverage industry. Specifically, this study adopts a Natural-Resource-Based View of the firm to examine the role of organizational culture and structure in the implementation process. It argues that to successfully implement sustainability initiatives, a flexible structure and a green organizational culture grounded in a shared sustainability vision are essential. The findings reveal that, despite the in-practice flat organizational structure of the case organization, there was limited knowledge of the organization's sustainability vision among organizational members across all organizational levels. This could be attributed to a lack of internal communication within the organization, which constitutes a barrier to the successful dissemination of green values throughout the organization's family-like, inclusive, and diverse work environment. This study proposes a three-part approach for practitioners attempting to implement sustainability initiatives: (1) enhance organizational awareness and communication of the sustainability vision; (2) cultivate a green organizational culture; and (3) advocate for a collaborative, inclusive and decentralized approach to fostering sustainability. This approach is vital not only for sustaining the organization's competitive advantage but also for achieving improved environmental and social outcomes.

• Hunnes, John Arngrim & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2023). Ethics and Sustainability in Undergraduate Business Studies. I Asheim, Bjørn Terje; Laudal, Thomas & Mykletun, Reidar J. (Red.), Practicing responsibility in business schools : Implications for teaching, research, and innovation. Edward Elgar Publishing. ISSN 9781035313167. s. 239–260. doi: 10.4337/9781035313174.00026.
• Berntsen, Terje Bernt; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Balancing contradictory demands during the transition to a business model portfolio for sustainability. Cogent Business & Management. ISSN 2331-1975. 10(3). doi: 10.1080/23311975.2023.2275364. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Heggelund, Pia; Hersdal, Mari Berg & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Navigating the green path: The Scandinavian outdoor industry’s quest for sustainability. Cogent Business & Management. ISSN 2331-1975. 10(3). doi: 10.1080/23311975.2023.2268336. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Jaganjac, Berina; Abrahamsen, Line M.; Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Is It Time to Reclaim the ‘Ethics’ in Business Ethics Education? Journal of Business Ethics. ISSN 0167-4544. 190, s. 1–22. doi: 10.1007/s10551-023-05400-5. Vis sammendrag

  This study explores the business ethics education literature published between 1982 and 2021. A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 862 scholarly articles spanning 40 years of research on business ethics education revealed a thematic shift in the literature. Whereas older articles were predominantly concerned with ethics, relatively newer articles mainly focus on addressing the broader concept of sustainability. A content analysis of the 25 most locally cited articles between 1987 and 2012 identified two main research streams: (a) integration of business ethics into business school curricula and (b) the pedagogical approaches and tools used to teach business ethics. An additional content analysis of the 15 most locally cited articles published between 2016 and 2021 revealed that discussions related to integration and pedagogical approaches and tools were still ongoing in the literature, albeit with a focus on sustainability-related concepts such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the Principles for Responsible Management Education (PRME). Building upon our findings and existing literature, we develop a framework that we refer to as Transforming Ethics Education in Business Schools (TEEBS), which we argue may help business schools reclaim the ‘ethics’ in business ethics education.

• Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Improving students’ learning—the role of formative feedback: experiences from a crash course for business students in academic writing. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education. ISSN 0260-2938. doi: 10.1080/02602938.2023.2187744. Vis sammendrag

  This paper discusses the role of formative feedback in teaching academic writing for a large class of first-year business students. The paper contributes to our knowledge on how to design an effective formative feedback process for a class in excess of 300 students. Based on survey data from 2018 the paper addresses how the students respond to being taught academic writing in two different feedback modalities: face-to-face interaction and electronic annotations. Our findings indicate that there are no significant differences between the two modalities and that the students are relatively satisfied with the feedback they received. The majority of the students report that feedback has helped them accomplish their learning goals, they pay attention to feedback, and feedback motivates them in their studies. Even with these positive responses from the students, we question whether our approach is sustainable in the long run. Unless smarter and more efficient ways of providing personalised feedback are developed for large student groups, the transition to the new paradigm for feedback, where the emphasis is placed on dialogic interaction, will not be practicable.

• Kettunen, Kerttu Pauliina; Alajoutsijärvi, Jouni Kimmo; Hunnes, John Arngrim & Pinheiro, Romulo (2022). Emergence and early institutionalization of competition in higher education: evidence from Finnish business schools. Tertiary Education and Management. ISSN 1358-3883. doi: 10.1007/s11233-022-09104-9. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hunnes, John A. (2022). Wages, Work, and the Catholic Social Teaching. The Journal of Values Based Leadership. ISSN 2153-019X. 15(1). Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Liland, Truls & Hunnes, John A. (2021). On the Purpose of the Firm: The Case of Hans Nielsen Hauge, IN THE LEGACY OF HANS NIELSEN HAUGE Entrepreneurship in Economics, Management, Education and Politics. Bodoni forlag. ISSN 978-82-8403-118-7. s. 79–94.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, John A. (2021). Ethics, resource rent, environment and petroleum policy: the case of a small open economy. Environmental Economics. ISSN 1998-6041. 12(1), s. 76–89. doi: 10.21511/ee.12(1).2021.07. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Zakamulin, Valeriy & Hunnes, John A. (2020). Stock earnings and bond yields in the US 1871–2017 : The story of a changing relationship. Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance. ISSN 1062-9769. 79, s. 182–197. doi: 10.1016/j.qref.2020.05.013. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2019). Verdier og økonomi. I Tjora, Aksel (Red.), Universitetskamp. Scandinavian Academic Press. ISSN 978-82-304-0247-4. s. 384–413. Vis sammendrag

  Store endringer preger universitets- og høyskolesektoren i hele den vestlige verden. Også de norske institusjonene har opplevd betydelige reformer, blant annet knyttet til fusjoner og andre strukturendringer, profesjonalisering av ledelse og administrasjon, samt økt bruk av målstyring. Mange av endringene skaper bekymringer og motstand fra mange av sektorens ansatte, som brenner for sin forskning, for sine studenter, for sine kolleger og sin disiplin, for sitt arbeid og sine ideer, og for troen på at arbeidet bidrar positivt til kunnskap som kommer hele samfunnet til gode. Det er ikke en endringsfrykt som sådan, men en bekymring for at den nye virkeligheten vil kunne redusere sektorens egenart og rolle som samfunnsinstitusjon. I denne boka analyseres slike endringer ved bruk av ulike perspektiver, teorier og erfaringer. Forfatterne har et ønske om å utvikle kritiske innspill og legge grunnlaget for en mer velinformert og perspektivrik diskusjon av endringer i sektoren og dens samfunnsrolle. Et underliggende spørsmål dreier seg om de siste tiders reformer synes å kunne ødelegge universiteters og høyskolers mulighet til å bidra med solid og samfunnsrelevant utdanning, forskning, formidling og innovasjon. Boka vil være av interesse både for forskere, studenter, politikere og andre med interesse for sektorens utvikling. Håpet er at antologiens kapitler kan bidra til en kritisk refleksjon om endringer som vi også ser i samfunnet mer generelt.

• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2019). Five Years Into Blended Learning: What Have We Learned? A Retrospective Look. ICERI Proceedings. ISSN 2340-1095. s. 1018–1026. doi: 10.21125/iceri.2019.0316.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). More planet and less profit? The ethical dilemma of an oil producing nation. Cogent Business & Management. ISSN 2331-1975. 6(1), s. 1–14. doi: 10.1080/23311975.2019.1648363. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv
• Hunnes, Arngrim & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2018). How to engage students in ethics and CSR? Evidence from blended learning. INTED Proceedings. ISSN 2340-1079. s. 4885–4894. doi: 10.21125/inted.2018.0954.
• Johannesson, Jökull Hafthor & Hunnes, Arngrim (2016). Chinese foreign student psychological needs, approaches to learning and marks at a UK university. EDULEARN Proceedings. ISSN 2340-1125. 16, s. 7134–7140. doi: 10.21125/edulearn.2016.0557.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). An anatomy of financial crises in Norway, 1830–2010. Financial History Review. ISSN 0968-5650. 21(1), s. 25–57. doi: 10.1017/S0968565013000279.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2012). Gender-specific labour-market convergence and family stability in Scandinavian countries (1886-2007). Journal of European Economic History. ISSN 0391-5115. XLI(2), s. 11–49. Vis sammendrag

  This paper investigates the possible link between gender-specific labour market convergence and family stability. By drawing on new Norwegian data, it maps the historical development of marriages, divorces, fertility, wages and labour participation rates between 1886 and 2007. Along with changing family relations, we quantify the closing of the gender gap by converging trends for labour participation rates and wages. We conclude there is a clear correspondence between labour market gender convergence and family fragility.

• Hunnes, Arngrim (2012). Testing the role of comparative advantage and learning in wage and promotion dynamics. International journal of manpower. ISSN 0143-7720. 33(5), s. 556–582. doi: 10.1108/01437721211253191.
• Hunnes, Arngrim; Kvaløy, Ola & Mohn, Klaus (2012). An Empirical Study of Performance Appraisal and Career Opportunities. International Journal of Business and Management (IJBM). ISSN 1833-3850. 7(1), s. 22–35. doi: 10.5539/ijbm.v7n1p22. Vis sammendrag

  Using survey data from a large international oil company, this econometric study explores the perceptions of performance appraisal and career opportunities on one hand, and how this is dependent on variation in properties and characteristics of the local working environment on the other hand. Perceptions indicate that performance and payoff are better balanced among women than among men. Moreover, the connection between perceived achievement and appreciation is strengthened by time of service for leaders, but not for employees in non-managerial positions. Finally, perceptions of performance appraisal and career opportunities depend on characteristics of the local work environment, with positive influence from key phenomena like change capability, competency focus, trust and identity.

• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2012). Price stability in the periphery during the international gold standard: Scandinavia. I Øgren, Anders & Øksendal, Lars Fredrik M. (Red.), The Gold Standard Peripheries. Monetary Policy, Adjustment and Flexibility in a Global Setting. Palgrave Macmillan. ISSN 978-0-230-34317-7. s. 58–80. doi: 10.1057/9780230362314_4.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2012). A Long Term View on the Short Term Co-movement of Output and Prices in a Small Open Economy. International Journal of Economics and Finance. ISSN 1916-9728. 4(2), s. 3–15. doi: 10.5539/ijef.v4n2p3. Fulltekst i vitenarkiv Vis sammendrag

  One assumption behind inflation targeting as objective for monetary policy is that inflation rates in the short run to some extent reflect output cycles. The present paper investigates the historical co-movements of output and prices for a small open raw material based economy, in this case Norway 1830 – 2006. Looking at contemporaneous movements we find more often negative correlations between the two variables than positive. The correlations do not give any evidence of causality. However, they may indicate that supply side shocks, often caused by the foreign sector, were more important for historical output cycles in Norway than assumed hitherto

• Grytten, Ola & Hunnes, Arngrim (2010). Økonomisk og demografisk interaksjon i det førindustrielle Norge. I Knudsen, Jon Paschen & Sødal, Sigbjørn Reidar (Red.), Økonomi og tid : 18 essays i Pufendorf-tradisjon : festskrift til professor Arild Sæther på 70-årsdagen, 8. august 2010. Fagbokforlaget. ISSN 978-82-450-1024-4. s. 85–101.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2009). Internal wage dispersion and firm performance: white-collar evidence. International journal of manpower. ISSN 0143-7720. 30(8), s. 776–796. doi: 10.1108/01437720911004425.
• Hunnes, Arngrim; Salvanes, Kjell G. & Møen, Jarle (2009). Wage structure and labor mobility in Norway, 1980-97, The Structure of Wages: an international comparison. Edward P. Lazear and Kathryn L. Shaw (eds). University of Chicago Press. s. 315–372.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2007). Bedrifters lønnsstrukturer: Teori og empiri. Søkelys på arbeidsmarkedet. ISSN 0800-6199. 24(2), s. 171–180.

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• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2016). Krakk og kriser i historisk perspektiv. Cappelen Damm Akademisk. ISBN 9788202414924. 286 s.

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• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2024). Renten settes ned utpå nyåret, men blir høy neste år også. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2024). Rentekutt i høst kan spoleres av prisvekst og internasjonal uro. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 34–34.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2024). Den svake og ustabile kronekursen - er euro løsningen? Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 14–14.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2024). Kunstig intelligens er en ny sjanse for middelklassen. Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Nå øker renten igjen - stikk i strid med hva de fleste økonomer trodde. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Thøgersen, Joachim Minge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Trolig ny renteheving i desember. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Makroøkonomi i urolige tider: Fra etterkrigstidens vekst til finanskrisen. Hva forteller historien oss?
• Tveteraas, Sigbjørn Landazuri; Hunnes, John Arngrim & Xie, Jinghua (2023). Norsk reiseliv trenger flere industrielle aktører. Reiseliv1. ISSN 2703-8734.
• Tveteraas, Sigbjørn Landazuri; Hunnes, John Arngrim & Xie, Jinghua (2023). Norsk reiseliv trenger flere industrielle aktører. Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim & Thøgersen, Joachim Minge (2023). Derfor øker renten på torsdag. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2023). Disse blir rammet av bankkrisen. [Internett]. tv2.no.
• Liland, Truls & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2022). Bedrifter med en høyere hensikt. Sunnmørsposten. ISSN 1503-9056.
• Kettunen, Kerttu Pauliina; Alajoutsijärvi, Jouni Kimmo; Hunnes, John Arngrim & Pinheiro, Romulo (2022). Presentation at EGOS Colloquium: Emergence and early institutionalization of competition in higher education: Evidence from Finnish business schools.
• Berntsen, Terje; Aas, Tor Helge & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2022). Managing the Transition from a Conventional Business Model to a Portfolio with Sustainable Business Models.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2022). Studio 2. [Radio]. NRK P2.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim (2022). Nå kommer flere rentehevinger og økonomisk usikkerhet. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 16–16.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2022). Ethics and Sustainability in Undergraduate Business Studies.
• Borgen, Cathrine; Liland, Truls & Hunnes, John A. (2021). Profitt og etikk, takk! Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801.
• Liland, Truls & Hunnes, John Arngrim (2021). Finnes det en medmenneskelig kapitalisme? Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801.
• Hunnes, John A. (2021). Når kommer den neste økonomiske krisen? [Internett]. forskning.no.
• Hunnes, John A. & Liland, Truls (2021). Kapitalismen er det eneste alternativet, men den har svakheter. Nettavisen.
• Hunnes, John Arngrim & Liland, Truls (2021). Kapitalismen som en positiv kraft. Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801. s. 33–33.
• Hunnes, John A. & Liland, Truls (2021). Hans Nielsen Hauge var ikke kommunist. Dagen. ISSN 1893-1618. s. 18–18.
• Hunnes, John A. (2020). Norges Bank har gjort det vanskelig for Tangen. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 3–3.
• Hunnes, John A. (2020). Et kritisk blikk på økonomiutdanningen.
• Hunnes, John A. (2020). Økonomer - en profesjon under grønt press?
• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2020). Etikk – fra periferien til kjernen i økonomiutdanningen?
• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2019). Five Years Into Blended Learning: What Have We Learned? A Retrospective Look.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). Etiske hensyn må overstyre økonomien. Agderposten. ISSN 0805-3723. s. 34–35.
• Hunnes, John A. & Liland, Truls (2019). Bedriften - profittmaksimerende uhyre eller ansvarlig samfunnsaktør? Dagens Perspektiv. ISSN 2535-6801.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). Svar til KrFs bystyrekandidat Kvanes. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). Samuel Pufendorf - økonomifagets bestefar. Bokanmeldelse av Arild Sæther, Natural Law and the Origin of Political Economy. Samuel Pufendorf and the History of Economics, Routledge, 2017. Samfunnsøkonomen. ISSN 1890-5250. 133(3), s. 58–61.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). Joda, pengene til kunstsiloen kan brukes til noe annet. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 27–27.
• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2019). Akademisk skriving i økonomiutdanningen.
• Hunnes, John A. & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2019). Erfaring med pedagogisk utviklingsarbeid i store studentkull.
• Hunnes, John A. (2019). Etikk i økonomivitenskapen: Fra Smith til finanskrisen i 2008.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2018). More planet and less profit? Sustainable thinking in a petroleum-based economy.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2018). Økonomer trenger filosofi og historie. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790. s. 28–28.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2018). Økonomi og Etikk.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2018). Managing Petroleum Revenues - the Case of Norway.
• Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit & Hunnes, Arngrim (2018). Nordic industrial relations in the face of global capitalism: The case of Norwegian Air Shuttle ASA.
• Hunnes, Arngrim & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2018). How To Engage Students In Ethics And CSR? Evidence From Blended Learning.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2017). Økonomer leser for lite. [Internett]. www.forskning.no.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2017). På nattbordet. [Avis]. Dagens Næringsliv.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2016). Derfor så ikke økonomene finanskrisen komme. [Internett]. forskning.no.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2016). Brexit - økonomisk ragnarok? Dagens næringsliv. ISSN 0803-9372. s. 24–24.
• Hunnes, Arngrim & Olsen, Torunn Skåltveit (2015). Økonomiutdanningens samfunnsansvar. Verdivalg i globaliseringens tidsalder.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2015). Etikken økonomene glemte.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Økonomer og dannelse.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Sveriges Riksbanks pris i økonomisk vitenskap til minne om Alfred Nobel for 2013. I Jahr, Ernst Håkon; Nossum, Rolf Tomas & Storesletten, Leiv (Red.), Agder Vitenskapsakademi Årbok 2013. Portal forlag. ISSN 9788283140200. s. 265–270.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Gi økonomene mer nyttig kunnskap! Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Nyskapning og økonomisk vekst i et historisk perspektiv.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Er "the Queen of Social Sciences" i ferd med å abdisere?
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2014). Makrobildet 2014: Temposkifte i norsk økonomi. Konjunkturbarometeret for Agder. s. 8–11.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Nobels minnepris i økonomi 2013.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Hvor går Europa? Om trender i samfunnsutvikling, finanskrise og arbeidsledighet.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). En ulykkelig familie. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Kreativ ødeleggelse. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Økonomi uten etikk? Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Hva sier Norges Bank? Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Fra gull til tillit. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). 1890-årenes jappetid. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Makrobildet 2013: Vil Norge fremdeles være unntaket? Konjunkturbarometeret for Agder. s. 8–11.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Starten på vår velstand. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Tulipaner og bobler. Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, Arngrim (2013). Økonomer og marked i krise? Fædrelandsvennen. ISSN 0805-3790.
• Hunnes, John A. & Grytten, Ola Honningdal (2021). Resource Rent, Environment and Ethics in Norwegian Petroleum Policy. Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, Norges Handelshøyskole. ISSN 0804-6824. Vis sammendrag

  This paper contributes to the understanding of how the environment, ethics, values, and historical contingencies shape public policy. Specifically, it explains the accomplishment of petroleum resource management in Norway. The main argument is that the success of this policy is an understanding of the ethics behind the environmental harvesting of the resource rent of this non-renewable natural resource. The paper firstly describes a model of Ricardian resource rent. Secondly, it investigates the set of values that were in place before the petroleum production started in the 1970s, as described in the influential white paper, “The role of petroleum activities in the Norwegian Society,” published in 1974. In the white paper, the government discussed the future opportunities, challenges, and responsibilities associated with the oil industry and how this would transform society. An important part of the white paper revealed the main ethical vision of the government was to build a “qualitatively better society” for the benefit of the people. Thirdly, the paper traces the historical roots of these values. Finally, the paper concludes that the focus on the natural environment and resource rent management can be attributed to popular values built on historical traditions. According to these, the state and the trust between the state and its citizens played key roles for the formation of the policy.

• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2010). A chronology of financial crises for Norway. Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, NHH. Vis sammendrag

  The paper offers a chronology of financial crises in Norway from her independence in 1814 till present times. Firstly, business cycles, covering almost two hundred years of economic history are mapped. These reveal years of crises in the real economy. These seem to coincide with most of the major financial crises. Secondly, the paper the financial crises are described chronologically. Thirdly, the paper investigates key patterns in credit and money volumes. It concludes that major financial crises typically took place after substantial money and credit expansion causing financial instability, loss of long term equilibriums, overheating and bubbles followed by severe meltdowns in the economy.

• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2009). Family stability and labor market gender convergence. Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, NHH.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2009). Do prices reflect short-term output fluctuations? Empirical evidence from a small open raw material based economy. Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, NHH.
• Grytten, Ola Honningdal & Hunnes, Arngrim (2009). Price stability and inflation persistence during the international gold standard: the Scandinavian case. Institutt for samfunnsøkonomi, NHH.
• Hunnes, Arngrim; Møen, Jarle & Salvanes, Kjell G. (2008). Wage structure and labor mobility in Norway 1980-1997. Samfunns- og næringslivsforskning AS (SNF). Vis sammendrag

  To what extent do different firms follow different wage policies? How do such policies affect worker mobility between firms, and what are the effects of different wage bargaining regimes? The empirical branch of personnel economics has long been hampered by a lack of representative data sets. Norway is one of a handful of countries that has produced rich linked employer-employee data suitable for such analysis. This paper has three parts. First, we describe the wage setting and employment protection institutions in Norway. Next, we describe the Norwegian data sets. Finally, we document a large number of stylized facts regarding wage structure and labour mobility within and between Norwegian firms. Our main data set covers white-collar workers in the manufacturing and private sectors for the period 1980-1997. We also have blue-collar data for the 1986-1997 period covering the core of the manufacturing sector. Information about occupations, monthly wages, hours worked and bonuses is available, as well as various worker and firm characteristics.

• Hunnes, Arngrim; Møen, Jarle & Salvanes, Kjell G. (2007). Wage Structure and Labor Mobility in Norway 1980-1997. National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). Vis sammendrag

  To what extent do different firms follow different wage policies? How do such policies affect worker mobility between firms, and what are the effects of different wage bargaining regimes? The empirical branch of personnel economics has long been hampered by a lack of representative data sets. Norway is one of a handful of countries that has produced rich linked employer/employee data suitable for such analysis. This paper has three parts. First, we describe the wage setting and employment protection institutions in Norway. Next, we describe the Norwegian datasets. Finally, we document a large number of stylized facts regarding wage structure and labor mobility within and between Norwegian firms. Our main dataset covers white-collar workers in the manufacturing and private sectors for the period 1980-1997. We also have blue-collar data for the 1986-1997 period covering the core of the manufacturing sector. Information about occupations, monthly wages, hours worked and bonuses is available, as well as various worker and firm characteristics.

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