Mahsa Samsami

• Mahsa, Samsami; El Kolaly, Hoda; Gonzalez-Pernia, Jose Luis & Boutaleb, Fatima (2024). Gender roles shaping the entrepreneurial mindset: embedded in the entrepreneurial ecosystem and impacted by the pandemic. European Journal of International Management. ISSN 1751-6757. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2022.10060156.
• Mahsa, Samsami; Peña Legazkue, Iñaki & Barakat, Shima (2024). The role of entrepreneurial ecosystems in reducing the gender gap of entrepreneurial intention and exit rates. European Journal of International Management. ISSN 1751-6757. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2023.10060155.
• Mahsa, Samsami & Schøtt, Thomas (2024). The spiral of innovation and digitalization: Innovation shaped by early and recent digitalization and shaping intended future adoption. International Reveiw of Entrepreneurship. ISSN 2009-2822.
• Širec, Karin; Mahsa, Samsami & Schøtt, Thomas (2023). Born Globals and Born Sustainables: Motives of Accumulating Wealth and of Making a Difference in the World. Organizacija (Journal of Management, Informatics and Human Resources). ISSN 1318-5454. 56(4), p. 342–351. doi: 10.2478/orga-2023-0023. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  Background/Purpose: This study investigates the distinct entrepreneurial motivations driving export activities andsustainability pursuits in Slovenian businesses, with a particular focus on differences between newborns and ma-ture enterprises. The study proposes that entrepreneurs who prioritize wealth accumulation are more likely to en-gage in export activities, particularly those running startups, under the pressures of global trade. Conversely, inlight of the shifting cultural values towards sustainability, it is hypothesized that entrepreneurs who are committed tomaking a difference in the world will be more inclined towards sustainability engagement, a tendency that may bemore pronounced in startups.Methods:To test these hypotheses, linear regression modelling, using data collected from the Global Entrepre-neurship Monitor survey of businesses in Slovenia was employed.Results: Newborns, in comparison to mature businesses, are more engaged in both exporting and sustainabilitypursuits. Interestingly, the motives behind these activities differ significantly. Exporting is primarily driven by the pur-suit of wealth accumulation, while sustainability engagement is motivated by the desire to make a positive differencein the world.Conclusion: These findings provide valuable insights into the unique characteristics of internationalization andsustainability pursuits in startups versus mature businesses. They highlight the role of distinct entrepreneurial moti-vations in shaping business practices, contributing to the literature on entrepreneurship and business sustainability.

• Mahsa, Samsami; Tønnessen, Øystein & Flåten, Bjørn-Tore (2023). Entrepreneurial orientation confronting disruption: embedded in networks in Iran and Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of International Management. ISSN 1751-6757. 21(2), p. 192–219. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2023.133427.
• Mahsa, Samsami (2023). Business angels' ties with entrepreneurs in traditional and secular-rational societies: China, Egypt and Iran contrasted Germany and Norway. European Journal of International Management. ISSN 1751-6757. 21(2), p. 234–255. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2023.133426.
• Mahsa, Samsami & Schøtt, Thomas (2022). Past, present, and future digitalization around the world: Leading, catching up, forging ahead, and falling behind. Naše gospodarstvo. ISSN 0547-3101. 68(3), p. 1–9.
• Mahsa, Samsami; Tønnessen, Øystein & Flåten, Bjørn-Tore (2022). Entrepreneurial orientation confronting disruption: Embedded in networks of enterprises in Iran and Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of International Management. ISSN 1751-6757. doi: 10.1504/EJIM.2022.10048400.
• Mahsa, Samsami & Wagner, Ralf (2021). Investment decisions with endogeneity: A Dirichlet tree analysis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management. ISSN 1911-8066. 14(7). doi: 10.3390/jrfm14070299.
• Ye, Liu; Mahsa, Samsami; Meshreki, Hakim; Pereira Laverde, Fernando & Schøtt, Thomas (2021). Sustainable Development Goals in strategy and practice: Businesses in Colombia and Egypt. Sustainability. ISSN 2071-1050. 13(22). doi: 10.3390/su132212453.
• Mahsa, Samsami & Schøtt, Thomas (2021). Family and non-family business in Iran: Coupling among innovation, exporting, and growth-expectation. European Journal of Family Business (EJFB). ISSN 2444-877X. 11(2), p. 40–45. doi: 10.24310/ejfbejfb.v11i2.10444. Full text in Research Archive

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• Singer, Slavica; Šarlija, Nataša; Rebernik, Miroslav; Bradač Hojnik, Barbara & Mahsa, Samsami (2023). Entrepreneurship and Well-being: Exploring the UN Sustainable Development Goals through the lenses of GEM and other indicators. Palgrave Macmillan Cham. ISBN 978-3-031-19180-0. 188 p.

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• Singer, Slavica; Šarlija, Nataša; Coduras Martinez, Alicia; Oberman Peterka, Sunčica; Rebernik, Miroslav & Bradač Hojnik, Barbara [Show all 8 contributors for this article] (2023). GEM Lenses on UN SDGs, Entrepreneurship and Well-being: Exploring the UN Sustainable Development Goals through the lenses of GEM and other indicators. Palgrave Macmillan Cham. ISSN 978-3-031-19180-0.
• Mahsa, Samsami; El Kolaly, Hoda & Schøtt, Thomas (2022). Business angels’ ties with entrepreneurs: Embedded in traditional and secular-rational cultures. In Audretsch, David B (Eds.), Developments in Entrepreneurial Finance and Technology . Edward Elgar Publishing. ISSN 978-1-80088-433-5. p. 182–198.
• Mahsa, Samsami & Schøtt, Thomas (2023). The Entrepreneurial Tradition: Institutionalized in a Culture and in a Family. Navigating from Gold to Green. Universitetet i Agder. ISSN 978-82-8427-135-4. Full text in Research Archive Show summary

  In entrepreneurial life, having enough money and capital is controversial. The tie between business angels and entrepreneurial funding is of importance. Funding happens either for family members, relatives, co-workers, friends or strangers. Funding occurs in a social context such as institutions and culture. However, the entrepreneurial life will not end with money. Entrepreneurially minded individuals perceive entrepreneurial opportunities, take risks in starting a venture, and have confidence in their ability to run it. The entrepreneurial mindset is likely also to be more salient among certain entrepreneurs who share demographic features in contrast to others. It is obvious that gaps in the entrepreneurial mindset such as that between genders may not be the same across contexts, notably across societies and across cultures. The temporal context also affects the entrepreneurial mindset when situations of the environment get worse during a health disruption. Following the health disruption, the lens of family enterprising is also of importance. It is the lens of family enterprising that can lead entrepreneurial tradition to entrepreneurial practice, particularly green entrepreneurial practice. The navigation from gold to green in entrepreneurial life led us to pose this question: how is tradition in society and the entrepreneurial tradition in the family affecting entrepreneurial funding, entrepreneurial mindset, and entrepreneurial practices? This navigation is from a representative sample from 2001 up to recovery time, 2022. We analyze different datasets. Foremost, for micro-level analyses of behavior of individuals – individuals and businesses – I use the Adult Population Survey (APS) by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, GEM. For some macro-level measures of national context, I use the National Expert Survey (NES) by GEM. For some other macro-level measures of national context, we use the World Values Survey. For yet other macro-level measures of national context, I use the World Bank indicators. Entrepreneurial funding is found to be given to close family as often in secular-rational culture as in traditional culture, but entrepreneurial funding is granted extended family and friends more often in traditional than in secular-rational culture. Conversely, entrepreneurial funding is provided for strangers more often in secular-rational culture than in traditional culture. Individuals’ entrepreneurial mindset is enhanced by institutions in the entrepreneurial ecosystem. The pandemic disruption caused declines in opportunity perception and risk-willingness. Society’s institution of family enterprising promotes a value of entrepreneurial tradition in families. The value of an entrepreneurial tradition promotes green entrepreneurial practice, here engagement with social and environmental responsibility. These findings contribute to theorizing about the socio-cultural context of funding for entrepreneurial enterprising. Culture seems to play a role in the growth or failure of promising ideas. Our findings suggest that business angels in traditional culture are likely to need to learn to better utilize weak relationships for more opportunities, since close relationships can greatly limit opportunity recognition. Findings contribute to women’s entrepreneurship, specifically concerning how the mindset is shaped by gender roles, as gender roles are formed in exosystemic and temporal contexts. Findings contribute to understanding the ethical value of an entrepreneurial tradition in family as this value is embedded in society’s institution of enterprising by families, and as the value shapes green entrepreneurial practice.

• Fernández-Laviada, Ana; Calvo, Nuria; Mahsa, Samsami; Neira, Isabel; Atrio, Yago & Barros, Esther (2022). Informe GEM España 2021/22.  Editorial de la Universidad de Cantabria. ISSN 1695-9302.
• Amanda, Elam; Baumer, Benjaminn; Schøtt, Thomas; Mahsa, Samsami; Amit, Kumar Dwivedi & Baldegger, Rico J. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2021/22 Women's Entrepreneurship Report : From Crisis to Opportunity. Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.
• Elam, Amanda; Baumer, Benjamin S.; Schøtt, Thomas; Mahsa, Samsami; Dwivedi, Kumar & Baldegger, Rico J. [Show all 9 contributors for this article] (2022). GEM 2021/22 Women’s Entrepreneurship Report From Crisis to Opportunity . Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.

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